Health experts have continued to raise awareness about hepatitis, a liver disease that affects millions of people worldwide and remains a major public health concern, particularly in developing countries.
Hepatitis refers to inflammation of the liver, most commonly caused by viral infections. The liver plays a critical role in the body by processing nutrients, filtering toxins, and supporting digestion. When the organ becomes damaged, several body functions can be affected.
Medical experts identify five major types of hepatitis — A, B, C, D, and E. Among them, Hepatitis B and C are considered the most dangerous and widespread in Nigeria due to their ability to cause long-term liver damage, liver cancer, and death if left untreated.
Globally, hepatitis-related complications are responsible for more than one million deaths each year, while many infected individuals remain unaware of their condition because symptoms may not appear in the early stages.
According to health professionals, Hepatitis A and E are commonly transmitted through contaminated food and water, especially in areas with poor sanitation. Hepatitis B and C, however, spread mainly through contact with infected blood, unprotected sexual activity, sharing of needles or sharp objects, and from mother to child during childbirth.
Common symptoms associated with hepatitis include yellowing of the eyes and skin, fatigue, dark urine, abdominal pain, nausea, and loss of appetite. However, experts warn that some infected persons may show little or no symptoms for years while the disease gradually damages the liver.
Health authorities emphasize that prevention remains one of the most effective ways to reduce infections. Vaccines are available for Hepatitis A and B, while proper hygiene, safe sexual practices, avoiding the sharing of sharp objects, and drinking clean water can significantly lower the risk of transmission.
Medical professionals also noted that treatment options are available depending on the type of hepatitis. Hepatitis A and E often resolve with proper care and rest, while Hepatitis B can be controlled with medication. Hepatitis C, experts say, is now curable with modern treatment methods.
Public health advocates continue to encourage regular testing and early diagnosis, stressing that increased awareness and preventive measures remain key to reducing the burden of hepatitis globally.